05.01.2023 - By Jon Haws RN: Critical Care Nurse & NCLEX Educator
Overview Glucose Normal Value Range Pathophysiology Special considerations Hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia Nursing Points General Normal value 70-115 mg/dL Pathophysiology Consumed via diet Carbohydrates Glycolysis Creates net positive energy sources Insulin Produced in pancreas Required to force glucose into cell Deficiency in insulin causes high glucose in blood Increase in insulin resistance causes high glucose in blood Special considerations Lab Green or gray tube Bedside CBG (Capillary blood glucose) Use glucometer Use gauze and alcohol Hyperglycemia (high levels of glucose) Diabetes Absent or inefficient insulin Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS) Stress Increases cortisol production Pancreatitis Disrupts insulin production Renal failure Cushing’s syndrome Steroid use Increases insulin resistance Hypoglycemia (low levels of glucose) Insulinoma Hypothyroidism Hypopituitarism Addison’s Disease Insulin overdose Malnutrition Nursing Concepts Lab Values Glucose Metabolism